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Lung India : Official Organ of Indian... 2015There are multiple causes of lung abscess, but the differential rarely includes pyelonephritis as a primary cause leading to lung abscess resulting from the development...
There are multiple causes of lung abscess, but the differential rarely includes pyelonephritis as a primary cause leading to lung abscess resulting from the development of a nephrobronchial fistula. The patient had no urinary symptoms or abdominal pain and the etiology of lung abscess was only incidentally discovered after chest CT revealed extension of pleural fluid below the diaphragm.
PubMed: 26180394
DOI: 10.4103/0970-2113.159590 -
Respiration; International Review of... 2010Anaerobes are the first and Streptococcus species the second most common cause of community-acquired lung abscess (CALA) in the West. The etiologic pathogens of this...
BACKGROUND
Anaerobes are the first and Streptococcus species the second most common cause of community-acquired lung abscess (CALA) in the West. The etiologic pathogens of this disease have changed in Taiwan, with Klebsiella pneumoniae being reported as the most common cause of CALA.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the etiologies of community-acquired lung abscess.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the records of 205 Japanese adult patients with CALA to evaluate etiologies and outcomes. We used not only traditional microbiological investigations but also percutaneous ultrasonography-guided transthoracic needle aspiration and protected specimen brushes.
RESULTS
Of these 205 patients, 122 had documented bacteriological results, with 189 bacterial species isolated. Pure aerobic, mixed aerobic and anaerobic, and pure anaerobic bacteria were isolated in 90 (73.8%), 17 (13.9%), and 15 (12.3%) patients, respectively. The four most common etiologic pathogens were Streptococcus species (59.8%), anaerobes (26.2%), Gemella species (9.8%), and K. pneumoniae (8.2%). Streptococcus mitis was the most common among the Streptococcus species. Mean duration of antibiotic administration was 26 days. Six patients (2.9%, 3 with actinomycosis and 3 with nocardiosis) were treated with antibiotics for 76-189 days. Two patients with anaerobic lung abscess died.
CONCLUSIONS
The first and second most common etiologic pathogens of CALA in our hospital were Streptococcus species and anaerobes, respectively. The etiologies in our study differ from those in Taiwan and are similar to those in the West with the exception that Streptococcus species were the most common etiologic pathogens in our study whereas anaerobes are the most frequent etiologic pathogens in Western countries. S. mitis and Gemella species are important etiologic pathogens as well. The identification of Actinomyces and Nocardia is important in order to define the adequate duration of antibiotic administration.
Topics: Actinomycosis; Aged; Bacteria, Aerobic; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Biopsy, Needle; Female; Humans; Lung; Lung Abscess; Male; Middle Aged; Nocardia Infections; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Streptococcus
PubMed: 20389050
DOI: 10.1159/000312404 -
Respirology Case Reports Jun 2023commonly present in the oral cavity and intestinal tract of humans. indicating a high virulence, has the potential of forming abscess. The infection of may require...
commonly present in the oral cavity and intestinal tract of humans. indicating a high virulence, has the potential of forming abscess. The infection of may require surgical excision.
PubMed: 37206157
DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.1161 -
Critical Care Explorations Jul 2021The pulmonary vascular endothelialitis together with the high rate of distal pulmonary embolism or thrombosis extensively reported in critically ill coronavirus disease...
The pulmonary vascular endothelialitis together with the high rate of distal pulmonary embolism or thrombosis extensively reported in critically ill coronavirus disease 2019 patients may impair antibiotic diffusion in the lung parenchyma of coronavirus disease 2019 patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia leading to insufficient antibiotic concentration, thus promoting lung abscess formation. We report that 17 of 119 coronavirus disease 2019 patients (14%) with ventilator-associated pneumonia developed a lung abscess. Proportion of patients receiving corticosteroids did not differ between patients with and without lung abscess. Most of lung abscess were polymicrobial. Enterobacteriaceae, , and were the leading causative bacteria. Most of lung abscesses involved the right lower lobe. Three patients had concomitant pulmonary embolism or thrombosis in the territory of lung abscess. Lung abscess was retrospectively visible on chest radiograph in 29% of the patients. As the occurrence of lung abscess impacts the duration of antibiotics therapy, chest CT scan should be easily performed in case of treatment failure of ventilator-associated pneumonia despite adequate antimicrobial therapy.
PubMed: 34235460
DOI: 10.1097/CCE.0000000000000482 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) 2009Legionella pneumonia typically presents as lobar pneumonia with multiple-lobe involvement, but Legionella lung abscess is rare. To identify the predisposing factors for... (Review)
Review
Legionella pneumonia typically presents as lobar pneumonia with multiple-lobe involvement, but Legionella lung abscess is rare. To identify the predisposing factors for Legionella abscess, we analyzed 62 of the 79 case reports on Legionella abscess found in literature; 28 (45.2%) were of hospital-acquired infection and 28 (45.2%), community-acquired infection. Seventeen patients (27.4%) died. L. pneumophila serogroup 1 was the most common, but other serogroups of L. pneumophila, L. micdadei, L. bozemanii, L. dumoffii, and L. maceachernii were also isolated from the abscess. Corticosteroids were administered for underlying diseases to 43 (69.4%) patients. Peripheral neutrophil counts were higher in patients with abscess than in those with only pulmonary infiltration. In certain cases, Legionella abscess developed during neutropenia recovery. However, lymphocyte counts were low in most cases. Clinical factors like corticosteroid treatment, which causes impaired cellular immunity and subsequent neutrophil accumulation in the lesion, might function as predisposing factors for Legionella abscess.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Legionella; Legionnaires' Disease; Lung Abscess
PubMed: 19952481
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.48.2647 -
Radiology Case Reports Aug 2022Retrocecal appendicitis usually presents with atypical signs and symptoms which may lead to delayed diagnosis, perforation and serious complications. Development of a...
Retrocecal appendicitis usually presents with atypical signs and symptoms which may lead to delayed diagnosis, perforation and serious complications. Development of a large lung abscess secondary to perforation of retrocecal appendicitis in an adolescent patient is an extremely rare entity and to the best of our knowledge has not been described in literature. We present a 15-year-old boy with complaint of chest pain, cough, fever, vague abdominal pain and raised inflammatory markers who underwent CT examination. On CT, a collection with focal calcification was noted in the right iliac fossa that extended along the right retroperitoneum through the retrocrural space in the right lung base communicating with a cavitary pulmonary lesion with air-fluid level. A diagnosis of perforated retrocecal appendicitis with retroperitoneal and right lung abscesses was made. The patient underwent appendectomy and the entire retroperitoneal and lung abscesses were drained. A lung abscess as a complication of perforated retrocecal appendicitis should be in consideration in septic patients with thoracoabdominal infectious manifestations.
PubMed: 35990571
DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.04.053 -
Narra J Aug 2023Lung abscess is a microbial infection that can cause necrosis of the lung tissue and formation of cavities. Antibiotics and bronchoscopy are needed in the management of...
Lung abscess is a microbial infection that can cause necrosis of the lung tissue and formation of cavities. Antibiotics and bronchoscopy are needed in the management of large lung abscess to prevent further complications. However, some of the cases have poor clinical improvement. The aim of this case report was to describe a patient with large lung abscess who had well responded to antibiotic therapy combined with bronchoscopy drainage. We reported a 55-year-old man with a lung abscess presented with initial symptom of acute productive cough for two weeks. Chest computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast of patient indicated a massive abscess on the right lung segment with a size of 10.9 × 10.41 × 8 cm. Laboratory examination showed leukocytosis. Bronchoscopy was performed as a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure. Antibiotic resistance test was conducted from bronchoalveolar lavage sample to determine the most suitable antibiotics for the patient. The culture yielded a positive for that was resistant to ampicillin and cefazolin. The bacterium was sensitive to piperacillin-tazobactam, aztreonam, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ertapenem, cefepime, nitrofurantoin, meropenem, amikacin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, tigecycline, trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole, and levofloxacin. Levofloxacin 750 mg injection was given for 14 days followed with oral levofloxacin 500 mg once a day for four weeks and bronchoscopy to stop the microbial infection process in the lung tissues. Lung abscess reduced significantly and the patient was followed until recovered. In conclusion, early combination therapy of adequate antibiotics and bronchoscopy is effective in treating a massive lung abscess caused by .
PubMed: 38450261
DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i2.169 -
BMJ Case Reports Nov 2021We report a case of a 54-year-old immunocompetent male who had lung abscess secondary to that led to discitis by contiguous spread of infection. He initially presented...
We report a case of a 54-year-old immunocompetent male who had lung abscess secondary to that led to discitis by contiguous spread of infection. He initially presented with constant chest pain for 6 weeks that radiated to lower back, with no fever, chills or weight loss. He denied smoking cigarettes, alcohol use or any illicit drug. On investigation, a mass was identified on the posterior medial aspect of the right lower lobe with direct infiltration into right side of the T5-T6 vertebral bodies. Histopathology identified organising pneumonia with abscess. Tissue cultures showed , and were negative for other microorganisms. This case highlights a rare presentation of discitis by contiguous spread of infection from posterior right lower lobe lung abscess. usually occurs in older patients with pulmonary infections complicated with pleural effusion or lung abscess, but can present in young patients with no clear symptoms of lung infection, like our patient.
Topics: Aged; Discitis; Humans; Lung; Lung Abscess; Male; Middle Aged; Pleural Effusion; Streptococcus intermedius
PubMed: 34725064
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-245675 -
Respiratory Medicine Case Reports 2020Severe pulmonary infections after bronchoscopy and transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) are uncommon. We report a rare case of lung abscess and empyema after a routine TBLB...
Severe pulmonary infections after bronchoscopy and transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) are uncommon. We report a rare case of lung abscess and empyema after a routine TBLB performed for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
PubMed: 32566475
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2020.101116 -
Infectious Disease Reports Aug 2023is frequently associated with brain and liver abscesses, while pleuropulmonary infections are considered rarer. Even less frequent is the association of lung and brain...
is frequently associated with brain and liver abscesses, while pleuropulmonary infections are considered rarer. Even less frequent is the association of lung and brain abscesses due to this agent with infective endocarditis. We describe the case of a 40-year-old man complaining of cough, fever, and headache who was diagnosed with a brain abscess due to , a concomitant lung abscess, and aortic native valve endocarditis. He was treated with surgical drainage of the brain abscess and a 4-week course of intravenous ceftriaxone, followed by oral amoxicillin/clavulanate, obtaining healing of the lesions without relapse of the infection.
PubMed: 37623049
DOI: 10.3390/idr15040045